Object-oriented programming (OOP)

OOP concepts

• Encapsulation: Bundling data with the methods that operate on that data, into a single unit of code.
• Abstraction: Hiding the complex implementation details of a class.
• Polymorphism: Objects of different types can be treated as the same type due to a common interface.
• Inheritance: Allows a software component to inherit properties and behaviors of another component.
• Composition: Combining simple objects to build more complex ones.
• Association: A relationship between two components, where one uses or depends on the other.